Hydroponic Arugula: Everything You Need To Know

The world of agriculture is ever-changing, and as we face challenges such as limited space, soil degradation, and climate fluctuations, innovative farming techniques have become more crucial than ever. One such method that has seen a surge in popularity is hydroponic farming – a soilless cultivation technique that maximizes the use of resources and space. Among the many crops that flourish in hydroponic systems, arugula stands out as a leafy green favorite.

In this article, we’ll explore the ins and outs of hydroponic arugula farming, tips & tricks and its numerous benefits.

Table of Contents

What Is Hydroponic Arugula Farming?

Hydroponics, as a whole, is a system of growing plants without the use of soil, instead relying on nutrient-rich water solutions to deliver the essential elements needed for growth directly to the plants’ roots. Arugula, also known as rocket, is a fast-growing, peppery-tasting salad green that adapts well to hydroponic cultivation.

By employing hydroponic methods, arugula farmers can effectively control the growing environment, minimizing variables such as pests, diseases, and soil-borne issues. These systems can be built vertically or horizontally, often in greenhouses or other indoor spaces, allowing for year-round cultivation of arugula, regardless of climate or outdoor conditions.

The Benefits of Hydroponic Arugula

Efficient Water Use: Hydroponic systems use up to 90% less water than traditional soil-based farming methods. The closed-loop systems recycle water, reducing waste and conserving this precious resource.
Space Optimization: By growing arugula hydroponically, farmers can make the most of their available space. Vertical systems, for example, allow for the cultivation of a larger crop in a smaller footprint, which is particularly valuable in urban environments or areas with limited land.
Faster Growth: Hydroponically grown arugula tends to mature more quickly, as the plants receive a consistent supply of nutrients, water, and oxygen. This leads to more frequent harvests and a higher yield per plant.
Pesticide Reduction: With fewer pests and diseases to contend with, hydroponic arugula farmers can reduce their reliance on chemical pesticides, resulting in a cleaner, healthier product.
Consistent Quality: By controlling the growing environment, hydroponic farmers can consistently produce high-quality arugula. Variables such as weather, soil conditions, and pests are less likely to impact the crop’s quality and flavor.
Year-round Production: Indoor hydroponic systems are not subject to the whims of the weather, allowing for the cultivation of arugula throughout the year. This not only ensures a steady supply but also can reduce the environmental impact of transporting out-of-season produce over long distances.

Is Hydroponic Arugula Healthy?

Hydroponic arugula is not only a delicious addition to any salad or dish, but it also boasts numerous health benefits. Since hydroponic systems allow for precise control of growing conditions and reduced pesticide usage, the resulting arugula can be even healthier than its soil-grown counterparts. Rich in vitamins A, C, and K, as well as minerals like calcium and potassium, arugula supports bone health, vision, and immune function. Additionally, arugula contains dietary fiber and antioxidants, which contribute to overall wellness and help protect the body from free radicals.

How Do You Grow Hydroponic Arugula?

Growing hydroponic arugula can be broken down into a few simple steps:

Choose a hydroponic system: There are several hydroponic systems to choose from, such as Nutrient Film Technique (NFT), aeroponics, or deep water culture. Research the various systems and select one that best suits your needs and space.
Set up the growing environment: Create an environment conducive to arugula growth, with a consistent temperature between 60-70°F (15-21°C) and relative humidity around 50-70%. Ensure proper lighting, either through natural sunlight or LED grow lights.
Plant arugula seeds: Start by germinating arugula seeds in a moistened rockwool cube or other suitable growing medium. Once the seedlings have developed their first set of true leaves, transplant them into the hydroponic system.
Nutrient solution: Provide your arugula plants with a balanced nutrient solution specifically designed for leafy greens. Monitor and adjust the pH and nutrient levels as needed, typically maintaining a pH between 5.5 and 6.5.
Harvesting: Hydroponic arugula typically matures in about 4-6 weeks, depending on the specific variety. Harvest the outer leaves as needed, allowing the inner leaves to continue growing.

Growing Hydroponics Arugula Indoors

Indoor hydroponic arugula farming is an excellent way to enjoy fresh, nutrient-rich greens all year round. Here are some tips for successfully growing arugula indoors:

Light: Arugula thrives with 12-16 hours of light per day. Use LED grow lights if natural sunlight is insufficient, and consider investing in a timer to maintain a consistent light schedule.
Air circulation: Good air circulation is essential for preventing mold and other diseases. Place a small fan near the hydroponic system to create gentle air movement.
Monitor temperature and humidity: Maintain the ideal temperature and humidity levels mentioned earlier by using a thermostat and hygrometer. Adjust your indoor environment accordingly to provide optimal growing conditions.
Keep it clean: Regularly clean and sanitize your hydroponic system to prevent the buildup of algae and harmful pathogens.
Prune and harvest regularly: Regularly pruning and harvesting your arugula promotes healthy growth and prevents overcrowding. This practice also encourages new leaf production and ensures a continuous supply of fresh greens.

Hydroponic Arugula Care Tips

To ensure the success of your hydroponic arugula, follow these care tips:

Regularly check the nutrient solution: Monitor the pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and nutrient levels in the solution to maintain optimal growing conditions. Adjust as needed to keep the pH between 5.5 and 6.5 and the EC between 1.2 and 2.0 mS/cm.
Clean the hydroponic system: Keep your system free of algae and pathogens by regularly cleaning and sanitizing all components. This will help prevent diseases and ensure the health of your arugula plants.
Manage pests: While hydroponic systems generally experience fewer pest problems than soil-based gardens, it’s essential to monitor for pests and deal with them promptly. Use integrated pest management techniques and avoid chemical pesticides when possible.

Keep an eye on plant health: Observe your arugula plants for any signs of nutrient deficiencies, diseases, or pests. Address any issues early to prevent long-term damage.

Best Hydroponics Nutrients for Arugula

Arugula requires a balanced nutrient solution to thrive. When choosing nutrients, look for products specifically designed for leafy greens or hydroponic lettuce. These formulations typically contain a good balance of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and other essential micronutrients. Some well-regarded nutrient brands include General Hydroponics, Advanced Nutrients, and Botanicare.

Arugula Hydroponic Nutrients Formula

To create an effective nutrient solution for hydroponic arugula, consider using a two-part or three-part nutrient formula that includes both macro and micronutrients. The following is an example of a simple nutrient formula suitable for arugula:

Nitrogen (N): 150-200 ppm
Phosphorus (P): 40-60 ppm
Potassium (K): 200-250 ppm
Calcium (Ca): 150-200 ppm
Magnesium (Mg): 50-60 ppm
Sulfur (S): 60-80 ppm

In addition to these macronutrients, ensure that your arugula receives essential micronutrients such as iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron, and molybdenum in the appropriate amounts.

Remember that the specific nutrient requirements for arugula can vary depending on factors such as the variety, growth stage, and environmental conditions. It’s crucial to regularly monitor your plants’ health and adjust the nutrient solution as needed to promote optimal growth and flavor.

Hydroponics Arugula vs Soil-Grown

There are several notable differences between hydroponically grown arugula and soil-grown arugula:

Growth rate: Hydroponic arugula typically grows faster than soil-grown plants due to the consistent and direct access to nutrients and water, leading to more frequent harvests and higher overall yield.
Water usage: Hydroponic systems use significantly less water compared to traditional soil-based farming methods, as they recycle water within a closed-loop system.
Pesticide usage: Hydroponic arugula is less prone to pests and diseases, which often results in reduced reliance on chemical pesticides and a cleaner, healthier final product.
Space efficiency: Hydroponic systems, especially vertical ones, maximize the use of available space, making them ideal for urban farming or small-scale home gardening.
Quality and flavor: The controlled environment of hydroponic farming can produce arugula with consistent quality, appearance, and flavor compared to soil-grown plants, which may be subject to more variability.

Best Arugula Varieties for Hydroponics Farming

While most arugula varieties can be grown hydroponically, some are better suited for soilless cultivation:

Apollo: A fast-growing variety with a mild, nutty flavor and tender leaves. Apollo is well-adapted to hydroponic systems and has good heat tolerance.
Astro: This variety features a mild flavor and broad, serrated leaves. Astro arugula is known for its vigorous growth and resistance to bolting, making it an excellent choice for hydroponic cultivation.
Roquette: Also known as wild arugula, Roquette has deeply lobed leaves and a more robust, peppery flavor. This variety is slower growing but thrives in hydroponic systems.
Speedy: As its name implies, Speedy is a fast-growing arugula variety with tender, smooth leaves and a mild flavor. This variety is ideal for indoor hydroponic systems with limited space.
Sylvetta: A wild arugula variety with slender, deeply lobed leaves and a strong, peppery taste. Sylvetta is slow to bolt and well-suited for hydroponic growth.

Hydroponic Arugula Yield per Plant

The yield of hydroponic arugula can vary depending on factors such as the variety, growing conditions, and system type. Generally, hydroponic arugula can produce between 0.5 to 1 ounce (14 to 28 grams) of harvestable leaves per plant.

With optimal conditions and proper care, hydroponic arugula can be harvested every 2 to 3 weeks, allowing for multiple harvests from the same plant. Regular harvesting encourages new growth and increases the overall yield.

Hydroponics Arugula Problems

While hydroponic arugula farming offers numerous benefits, it can still be susceptible to various issues. Here, we explore common problems and their solutions to ensure a thriving hydroponic arugula garden.

Nutrient deficiencies: Inadequate nutrient levels can lead to stunted growth, yellowing leaves, and reduced yield. To address this, regularly check the nutrient solution and adjust the concentration, pH, and EC as needed. Ensure your nutrient formula is specifically designed for leafy greens and contains the appropriate macro and micronutrients.
Pests: Although hydroponic systems are less prone to pests, they can still be affected by aphids, whiteflies, and spider mites. Monitor your plants closely for any signs of pests and use integrated pest management techniques, such as introducing beneficial insects or using non-toxic pest control products, to manage infestations.
Diseases: Fungal and bacterial diseases can still impact hydroponic arugula. To prevent these issues, maintain proper air circulation, keep the growing environment clean, and sanitize your system regularly. If a plant does become infected, remove it promptly to prevent the disease from spreading.
Algae growth: Algae can develop in hydroponic systems when there is excessive light exposure or nutrient buildup. Algae can compete with plants for nutrients and lead to clogged system components. To prevent algae growth, shield your nutrient solution from direct light, clean your system regularly, and replace the nutrient solution as needed.
Bolting: Arugula plants may bolt, or prematurely produce flowers, if exposed to high temperatures or inconsistent light levels. Bolting can result in bitter-tasting leaves and reduced yield. To prevent bolting, maintain consistent temperatures between 60-70°F (15-21°C) and provide 12-16 hours of light per day.
Poor germination: If you experience low germination rates, consider the age and quality of your seeds, as well as the germination conditions. Use fresh, high-quality seeds, and ensure your germination medium is moist but not overly saturated. Maintain a temperature of around 70°F (21°C) during the germination process.

By being aware of these common hydroponic arugula problems and implementing the suggested solutions, you can foster a healthy, productive hydroponic garden and enjoy the delicious, nutrient-rich greens it provides.

Why Is My Hydroponic Arugula Dying?

Several factors can contribute to your hydroponic arugula dying:

Nutrient deficiencies: Ensure that your nutrient solution is balanced and contains the appropriate macro and micronutrients. Check the pH and EC regularly and adjust as needed.
Disease: Fungal or bacterial infections can cause arugula plants to wilt and die. Remove infected plants immediately, maintain proper air circulation, and sanitize your system to prevent disease spread.
Pests: Aphids, whiteflies, and spider mites can damage arugula leaves and compromise plant health. Implement integrated pest management techniques to control infestations.
Over-watering: While hydroponic systems typically involve continuous water supply, it’s essential to ensure that the roots receive adequate oxygen. Consider using an aeroponic or deep water culture system that provides ample aeration.
Inadequate light: Arugula requires 12-16 hours of light per day. Insufficient light can lead to weak, leggy plants that struggle to survive. Use LED grow lights if necessary to provide adequate lighting.

What Causes Hydroponic Arugula Leaves to Fade Yellow?

Yellowing leaves in hydroponic arugula can be a sign of:

Nutrient deficiencies: A lack of nitrogen or iron can cause leaves to turn yellow. Check your nutrient solution and adjust as needed to provide the appropriate nutrients.
Over-watering: Excess water can lead to root rot, which may manifest as yellowing leaves. Ensure proper aeration and avoid over-watering your plants.
Diseases: Fungal and bacterial infections can cause yellowing leaves. Maintain good sanitation practices and air circulation to prevent disease development.
pH imbalance: An incorrect pH level can interfere with nutrient uptake, leading to yellowing leaves. Monitor and adjust the pH of your nutrient solution to maintain a range of 5.5 to 6.5.

How to Store Hydroponic Arugula

Proper storage is essential for maintaining the freshness and flavor of your hydroponic arugula. Follow these steps to store your arugula:

Harvest: Pick arugula leaves in the morning when they are most crisp and flavorful. Avoid harvesting wilted or damaged leaves.
Clean: Gently rinse the arugula leaves under cold water to remove any debris or residue. Use a salad spinner or pat them dry with a clean kitchen towel.
Store: Place the clean, dry arugula leaves in a plastic storage container or resealable plastic bag lined with a dry paper towel. The paper towel will help absorb any excess moisture and prevent the leaves from becoming slimy.
Refrigerate: Store the container or bag in the crisper drawer of your refrigerator. Hydroponic arugula should last for up to 10 days when stored properly.

Does Hydroponic Arugula Regrow After Cutting?

Yes, hydroponic arugula can regrow after being cut. Arugula is a cut-and-come-again crop, which means that you can harvest its leaves multiple times throughout its growing cycle. To encourage regrowth, follow these harvesting guidelines:

Wait for the right stage: Harvest arugula when it reaches 4-6 inches (10-15 cm) in height, as this is the optimal stage for regrowth.
Cut leaves selectively: Use clean, sharp scissors or a knife to cut individual leaves, leaving the central growing point intact. This allows the plant to continue producing new foliage.
Don’t harvest too much: Avoid removing more than one-third of the plant’s leaves at once. Over-harvesting can stress the plant and hinder regrowth.
Harvest frequently: Regularly harvesting arugula will encourage new growth and extend the plant’s productivity.

Hydroponics Arugula Wilting

Wilting can be a common issue in hydroponic arugula cultivation. Here are some possible causes and solutions:

Water-related issues: Inadequate water supply or poor aeration can cause arugula to wilt. Ensure that your hydroponic system is functioning correctly, providing consistent water flow and sufficient oxygen to the roots.
Nutrient deficiencies: Insufficient nutrients, particularly calcium, can lead to wilting. Regularly monitor and adjust your nutrient solution to provide the appropriate balance of macro and micronutrients.
Temperature fluctuations: Extreme temperatures or sudden changes can cause arugula to wilt. Maintain a consistent temperature between 60-70°F (15-21°C) for optimal growth.
Diseases: Fungal and bacterial infections can cause wilting in arugula plants. Keep your hydroponic system clean, maintain proper air circulation, and remove any infected plants to prevent disease spread.
Pests: Pest infestations, such as aphids, can lead to wilting. Monitor your plants for signs of pests and use integrated pest management techniques to control infestations.

How to Germinate Arugula Seeds for Hydroponics

Proper germination is essential for a successful hydroponic arugula garden. Follow these steps to germinate arugula seeds:

Prepare germination medium: Use a clean, soilless germination medium, such as rockwool cubes or coconut coir, to start your seeds. Soak the medium in water and gently squeeze out excess moisture.
Sow seeds: Place 1-2 arugula seeds in each germination medium. Lightly cover the seeds with a thin layer of the medium to maintain consistent moisture levels.
Maintain proper conditions: Keep the germination medium moist but not overly saturated. The ideal temperature for arugula seed germination is around 70°F (21°C). Cover the germination tray with a humidity dome or plastic wrap to retain moisture and maintain humidity.
Provide light: Once the seeds begin to sprout, provide 12-16 hours of light per day using LED or fluorescent grow lights.
Transplant seedlings: When the arugula seedlings have developed their first set of true leaves, carefully transplant them into your hydroponic system.

Hydroponics Arugula DIY (Do It Yourself)

Building a DIY hydroponic system for arugula is an affordable and rewarding way to grow fresh greens. Here’s a simple video guide to creating a DIY hydroponic system.

Conclusion

The future of farming may well lie in innovative methods such as hydroponic arugula cultivation. By maximizing resource use, optimizing space, and producing high-quality, pesticide-free crops, hydroponic farming offers a sustainable solution to the challenges faced by traditional agriculture. As we strive to create a more resilient and eco-friendly food system, hydroponic arugula farming stands as a testament to the potential of human ingenuity in the face of adversity.

Frequently Asked Questions

What type of hydroponic system is best for growing Arugula?

Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) and Deep Water Culture (DWC) systems are both suitable for growing arugula hydroponically. These systems allow for optimal nutrient delivery, oxygenation, and water management, which are essential for arugula growth.

How long does Arugula take to grow Hydroponically?

Hydroponic arugula typically takes 4-6 weeks from seed to harvest. However, growth rates can vary depending on factors like temperature, light, and nutrient availability.

Does Arugula do well in Hydroponics?

Yes, arugula grows well in hydroponic systems. Hydroponics allows for precise control over nutrient delivery, water management, and environmental conditions, which can lead to faster growth, higher yields, and better quality greens compared to traditional soil-based cultivation.

What is the cost of setting up a hydroponics Arugula farm?

The cost of setting up a hydroponic arugula farm varies depending on the size of the operation, the type of system, and the materials used. A small-scale DIY system can be relatively inexpensive, while a larger commercial setup will require a more significant investment.

How often do you water hydroponic Arugula?

In hydroponic systems, arugula receives a continuous supply of nutrient-rich water. The frequency of water delivery depends on the specific hydroponic system being used. NFT and DWC systems typically provide water continuously, while other systems like drip irrigation may require periodic water delivery.

What are the common pests and diseases in hydroponics Arugula farming?

Common pests in hydroponic arugula farming include aphids, whiteflies, and spider mites. Diseases like fungal and bacterial infections can also be a concern. Implementing proper sanitation practices, monitoring plants closely, and using integrated pest management techniques can help prevent and manage these issues.

What pH level is best for hydroponic Arugula?

The ideal pH level for hydroponic arugula is between 5.5 and 6.5. This pH range allows for optimal nutrient availability and uptake by the plant’s roots.

What type of lighting is best for growing hydroponics Arugula?

LED and fluorescent grow lights are both suitable for growing hydroponic arugula. These lights provide the full spectrum of light needed for healthy plant growth while being energy-efficient.

How do you harvest hydroponic Arugula?

To harvest hydroponic arugula, use clean, sharp scissors or a knife to cut individual leaves, leaving the central growing point intact. This allows the plant to continue producing new foliage. It’s best to harvest arugula in the morning when the leaves are most crisp and flavorful.